Which of the following muscles are typically weak in those with a kyphotic posture?

In individuals with a kyphotic posture, the glute muscles (gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus) are often found to be weak. This posture commonly results from a forward rounding of the shoulders and an exaggerated thoracic curve, which can lead to a muscular imbalance in the body. When the upper body is hunched forward, there tends to be an over-reliance on certain muscle groups to maintain stability and posture, while others, such as the glutes, may not be activated as effectively.

The weakness in the glutes can contribute to further postural issues, as these muscles are essential for hip extension and providing support to the lower back. Their underactivity can lead to compensatory patterns, which may exacerbate the kyphotic curvature and disrupt the alignment of the pelvis and spine. Strengthening the glutes can improve overall posture and help to address the imbalances associated with kyphosis, thereby promoting a more neutral spinal position.